Enshrines the principles of gender equality and womens rights and provides for the minimum 30% quota for women in all decisionmaking organs. Ugandas constitution the costitution of the republic. Title i the republic article 1 state rwanda shall be a democratic, social, and sovereign republic which shall. A constitutional referendum was held in rwanda on 17 december 1978. Whether there are any clear weaknesses in the constitution of rwanda that ought to be amended to protect the media.
Paul kagame, the president of rwanda, has been criticised after hinting that he could extend his rule beyond 2017, which would require changing the. Limitation of the study this case study focuses on the 2003 constitution building process of rwanda within the broad spectrum of the historicalpolitical realities of the rwandan state. Constitutionalism, ethnicity and minority rights in africa. It followed a coup by juvenal habyarimana in 1973 and the dissolution of the former sole legal party, mdrparmehutu. The constitution of the republic of rwanda of 2003 revised in 2015. Free, offline, easy and accessible, less space consumption. The republic of rwanda, a landlocked state in the african great lakes region of east. Limitation of the study this case study focuses on the 2003 constitution building process of rwanda within the broad spectrum of the historicalpolitical realities of. Constitution of the united republic of tanzania incorporates and consolidates all amendments made therein by the constituent assembly in 1977 up to the 14 th amendment of 2005 and it is printed and published under section 4 of the laws revision act chapter 4. After the war, it was joined with burundi to become a belgian league of nations mandate, under the name ruandaurundi. Important for workers and institutional use, citizens, parents, children, teachers and students. Constitution of rwanda 2003 wikisource, the free online. Given the fundamental law of the republic of rwanda as amended to date, especially the arusha peace agreement in its part on powersharing in its article 41, and in its part on miscellaneous issues and final provisions in its article 22. Since its promulgation, the constitution has been amended three times.
The constitution of rwanda was adopted by referendum on may 26, 2003. The law determines the number, boundaries, organization and functioning of provinces, cities, municipalities, towns and districts. Fragility risks for rwanda going forward, and lessons to draw from rwandas case, are highlighted throughout, but summarised together in the conclusion. The founding principle of the republic of rwanda is. Part ii powers of the federal republic of nigeria 4. Once ratified, all the treaties and conventions are integrated into domestic legal system. Overall, the constitution supports the official policy of the total eradication of anything having to do with ethnic identification and the maturation of unity. Constitution of the federal republic of nigeria 1999 arrangement of sections chapter i general provisions part i federal republic of nigeria 1. Instead, the principal message of the new constitution is not so much that rwanda is pluriethnic, but rather that rwanda is a nonethnic state. In the wake of the genocide against the tutsi that was organised and. Kituo cha katiba plot 7 estate link road, bukoto, off lugogo bypass. For instance, existing constitutions were based on foreign models which never took into account the sociological configuration and perculiarities of the rwandan nation.
Considering that the new constitution of the republic of rwanda was adopted by rwandan citizens in the referendum of 26 may 2003 as. Constitution of the federal republic of nigeria 1999. From 1890 to 1916, rwanda was part of german east africa. Title i the republic article 1 state rwanda shall be a democratic, social, and sovereign republic which shall take the name republic of rwanda. Ibirimosummarysommaire pageurup rwanda bar association. The first constitution was adopted in 1962 only to be replaced 4 years later in 1966. Constitution of rwanda 1991 wikisource, the free online. Rwanda index external link universitat bern institut fur offentliches recht offers english translation of the 1991 constitution plus background note, a key number system to locate parts, and links to comparative information. Title i the republic article 1 state 1 rwanda shall be a democratic, social, and sovereign republic which shall take the name republic of rwanda. The changes made to rwandas constitution are peculiar. Rwandan president paul kagame to run for third term in 2017. The new constitution created a presidential republic with no term limits for the president, and made the national revolutionary movement for development the sole legal party. This document is the first constitution of the republic of rwanda, proclaimed in november 1962. Apr 06, 2015 12 considering that after the transition period, rwanda shall be governed by a constitution comprising ideas expressed by rwandans themselves.
Do hearby, in and through this constituent assembly solemnly adopt, enact and g ive to ourselves and our posterity, this constitution of the republic of uganda, this 22nd day of september, in the year 1995. Constitution prepared by the uganda constitutional commission and to adopt and enact a constitution for uganda. The new constitution created a presidential republic with no term limits for the president, and made the national revolutionary movement for development the. Considering that after the transition period, rwanda shall be governed by a constitution comprising ideas expressed by rwandans themselves. The constitution of the republic of rwanda revised 2015. Rwandas constitution of 2003 with amendments through 2015. Constitution comprising ideas expressed by rwandans themselves now hereby adopt, by referendum, this constitution as the supreme law of the republic of. Rwandan culture as a source of homegrown solutions.
This is the text of the constitution of the republic of suriname of 1987, as it was published in the bulletin of acts and decrees of the republic of suriname no. The constitution of the republic of rwanda of 2003 revised in 2015 kindle edition by republic of rwanda author see all formats and editions hide other formats and editions. Feb 01, 2020 a light and quick reference android app version of the constitution of the republic of rwanda, the supreme law of rwanda. Rwandan president paul kagame to run for third term in. Government of rwandans, by rwandans and for rwandans. The changes made to rwandas constitution are peculiar here. Another focus is the spillover of rwandas actions on other countries. The changes made to rwandas constitution are peculiar heres why. Like many former colonies, rwanda before 1994 had never had a constitution that can truly be described as autochthonous. In 1916, during world war i, it was occupied by belgian troops from the neighboring belgian congo. Apr 23, 2014 paul kagame, the president of rwanda, has been criticised after hinting that he could extend his rule beyond 2017, which would require changing the constitution rwandan presidents are limited to.
Paul kagame hints at seeking third term as rwandan president. The capital of the republic of rwanda is the city of kigali. The recent use of participatory constitution making in states like rwanda illustrates the. Votes of twothirds of the assembly chapter vi the judicature part i the high court 95. Constitution of the republic of rwanda as amended in 2010. Alteration of constitution part v summoning, prorogation and dissolution 90. The constitution provides for a presidential system of government, with separation of powers between the three branches. Rwandas constitution of 2003 with amendments through 2010. In view of the liberation action of the people of rwanda accomplished by the social revolution of 1959. He was originally limited to two terms, but rwanda has approved changes to the constitution that would effectively allow kagame to stay in power until 2034. Explaining rwandas 1994 genocide university of denver.
The acting text, however, still contains references. In revision of the constitution of 20 dec 1978 and in accordance with article 91 thereof. Nearly 1 million rwandans mostly tutsis perished during this period. October 1995 by the constituent assembly, replacing the 1967 constitution. Considering that the new constitution of the republic of rwanda was adopted by.
Motives for writing constitution preamble we, the people of rwanda, honouring our valiant ancestors who sacrificed themselves to found rwanda and the heroes who struggled for security, justice, freedom, and the restoration of our national tranquillity, dignity and pride. As per the constitution, ratified treaties have precedence over domestic laws. In brief congressional research service summary rwanda, a small landlocked country in central africas great lakes region, has seen rapid development and security gains since about 800,000 peoplemostly members of the ethnic tutsi minoritywere killed in the 1994 genocide. Preface i chapter four protection and promotion of fundamental and other human constitution ofthe republic of uganda 1 arrangement of the constitution 1 national objectives and directive principles of state. It condemns the rwandan genocide in the preamble, expressing hope for reconciliation and prosperity. Rwanda sterritorycomprisesareascoveredby land, rivers, lakes and airspace located within the borders of the republic of rwanda. Derived from ebook, pdf text search search by article using article number selector search by parts. Apr 06, 2015 in revision of the constitution of 20 dec 1978 and in accordance with article 91 thereof. Article 5 of the current 2003 constitution of rwanda constitution of the republic of rwanda, art. The constitution of the republic of uganda was promulgated on. Jan 01, 2016 he was originally limited to two terms, but rwanda has approved changes to the constitution that would effectively allow kagame to stay in power until 2034.
Do hereby, in and through this constituent assembly solemnly adopt, enact and give to ourselves and our posterity, this constitution of the republic of uganda, this 22nd day of september, in the year 1995. A light and quick reference android app version of the constitution of the republic of rwanda, the supreme law of rwanda. The present constitution was adopted on 8 october 1995. Does establish and adopt this constitution for the republic of rwanda. Rwanda has withdrawn all its reservations on international human rights treaties. The territory of rwanda is divided into provinces, districts, cities, municipalities, towns, sectors and cells. Given the fundamental law of the republic of rwanda as amended to date, especially the arusha peace agreement in its part on powersharing in its article 41, and in its part on. Banks introduction internal exclusion is a substantial impediment to the successful implementation of participatory democratic reforms in postconflict states.
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