Rwanda index external link universitat bern institut fur offentliches recht offers english translation of the 1991 constitution plus background note, a key number system to locate parts, and links to comparative information. Paul kagame hints at seeking third term as rwandan president. Apr 06, 2015 in revision of the constitution of 20 dec 1978 and in accordance with article 91 thereof. Constitution of rwanda 2003 wikisource, the free online. The law determines the number, boundaries, organization and functioning of provinces, cities, municipalities, towns and districts. The constitution of rwanda was adopted by referendum on may 26, 2003. Rwanda sterritorycomprisesareascoveredby land, rivers, lakes and airspace located within the borders of the republic of rwanda. Constitution comprising ideas expressed by rwandans themselves now hereby adopt, by referendum, this constitution as the supreme law of the republic of. The constitution of the republic of rwanda revised 2015.
Constitution of the federal republic of nigeria 1999 arrangement of sections chapter i general provisions part i federal republic of nigeria 1. Apr 06, 2015 12 considering that after the transition period, rwanda shall be governed by a constitution comprising ideas expressed by rwandans themselves. The changes made to rwandas constitution are peculiar heres why. For instance, existing constitutions were based on foreign models which never took into account the sociological configuration and perculiarities of the rwandan nation.
Whether there are any clear weaknesses in the constitution of rwanda that ought to be amended to protect the media. Enshrines the principles of gender equality and womens rights and provides for the minimum 30% quota for women in all decisionmaking organs. Limitation of the study this case study focuses on the 2003 constitution building process of rwanda within the broad spectrum of the historicalpolitical realities of. Ugandas constitution the costitution of the republic. The new constitution created a presidential republic with no term limits for the president, and made the national revolutionary movement for development the sole legal party. Since its promulgation, the constitution has been amended three times. The changes made to rwandas constitution are peculiar here. Banks introduction internal exclusion is a substantial impediment to the successful implementation of participatory democratic reforms in postconflict states. Constitution of the united republic of tanzania incorporates and consolidates all amendments made therein by the constituent assembly in 1977 up to the 14 th amendment of 2005 and it is printed and published under section 4 of the laws revision act chapter 4.
Rwandan culture as a source of homegrown solutions. Paul kagame, the president of rwanda, has been criticised after hinting that he could extend his rule beyond 2017, which would require changing the. The constitution of the republic of rwanda of 2003 revised in 2015. Constitution of the federal republic of nigeria 1999.
Ibirimosummarysommaire pageurup rwanda bar association. The acting text, however, still contains references. Part ii powers of the federal republic of nigeria 4. Constitution prepared by the uganda constitutional commission and to adopt and enact a constitution for uganda. The constitution of the republic of rwanda of 2003 revised in 2015 kindle edition by republic of rwanda author see all formats and editions hide other formats and editions. Do hearby, in and through this constituent assembly solemnly adopt, enact and g ive to ourselves and our posterity, this constitution of the republic of uganda, this 22nd day of september, in the year 1995. The first constitution was adopted in 1962 only to be replaced 4 years later in 1966. In the wake of the genocide against the tutsi that was organised and. It condemns the rwandan genocide in the preamble, expressing hope for reconciliation and prosperity. The territory of rwanda is divided into provinces, districts, cities, municipalities, towns, sectors and cells.
This is the text of the constitution of the republic of suriname of 1987, as it was published in the bulletin of acts and decrees of the republic of suriname no. Rwandas constitution of 2003 with amendments through 2015. The recent use of participatory constitution making in states like rwanda illustrates the. Constitution of the republic of rwanda world digital library. Sittings of national assembly part vi interpretation 94. Motives for writing constitution preamble we, the people of rwanda, honouring our valiant ancestors who sacrificed themselves to found rwanda and the heroes who struggled for security, justice, freedom, and the restoration of our national tranquillity, dignity and pride. Nearly 1 million rwandans mostly tutsis perished during this period. Apr 23, 2014 paul kagame, the president of rwanda, has been criticised after hinting that he could extend his rule beyond 2017, which would require changing the constitution rwandan presidents are limited to.
Before you lies the version which includes the most recent amendments bulletin of acts and decrees 1992 no. Once ratified, all the treaties and conventions are integrated into domestic legal system. The new constitution created a presidential republic with no term limits for the president, and made the national revolutionary movement for development the. This document is the first constitution of the republic of rwanda, proclaimed in november 1962. The founding principle of the republic of rwanda is. A constitutional referendum was held in rwanda on 17 december 1978. The present constitution was adopted on 8 october 1995. In view of the liberation action of the people of rwanda accomplished by the social revolution of 1959. Title i the republic article 1 state 1 rwanda shall be a democratic, social, and sovereign republic which shall take the name republic of rwanda.
Title i the republic article 1 state rwanda shall be a democratic, social, and sovereign republic which shall take the name republic of rwanda. Alteration of constitution part v summoning, prorogation and dissolution 90. Title i the republic article 1 state rwanda shall be a democratic, social, and sovereign republic which shall. He was originally limited to two terms, but rwanda has approved changes to the constitution that would effectively allow kagame to stay in power until 2034. Votes of twothirds of the assembly chapter vi the judicature part i the high court 95.
Considering that after the transition period, rwanda shall be governed by a constitution comprising ideas expressed by rwandans themselves. As per the constitution, ratified treaties have precedence over domestic laws. Constitutionalism, ethnicity and minority rights in africa. It is ugandas fourth constitution since the countrys independence from britain in 1962. October 1995 by the constituent assembly, replacing the 1967 constitution. Rwandan president paul kagame to run for third term in. Fragility risks for rwanda going forward, and lessons to draw from rwandas case, are highlighted throughout, but summarised together in the conclusion. Rwandan president paul kagame to run for third term in 2017. Considering that the new constitution of the republic of rwanda was adopted by. Rwandas constitution of 2003 with amendments through 2010.
Does establish and adopt this constitution for the republic of rwanda. Limitation of the study this case study focuses on the 2003 constitution building process of rwanda within the broad spectrum of the historicalpolitical realities of the rwandan state. From 1890 to 1916, rwanda was part of german east africa. In 1916, during world war i, it was occupied by belgian troops from the neighboring belgian congo. Preface i chapter four protection and promotion of fundamental and other human constitution ofthe republic of uganda 1 arrangement of the constitution 1 national objectives and directive principles of state. It followed a coup by juvenal habyarimana in 1973 and the dissolution of the former sole legal party, mdrparmehutu. Jan 28, 2016 the changes made to rwandas constitution are peculiar heres why. The republic of rwanda, a landlocked state in the african great lakes region of east. Like many former colonies, rwanda before 1994 had never had a constitution that can truly be described as autochthonous. Constitution of the republic of rwanda as amended in 2010.
Now hereby adopt, by referendum, this constitution as the supreme law of the republic of rwanda. Free, offline, easy and accessible, less space consumption. Feb 01, 2020 a light and quick reference android app version of the constitution of the republic of rwanda, the supreme law of rwanda. Article 5 of the current 2003 constitution of rwanda constitution of the republic of rwanda, art. The constitution of the republic of uganda was promulgated on. In that regard, this consolidation of the constitution and its amendments shall have a clear benefit of having one consolidated instrument which is easier to use compared to having the constitution and its amendments in five separate official gazettes of the republic of rwanda. In brief congressional research service summary rwanda, a small landlocked country in central africas great lakes region, has seen rapid development and security gains since about 800,000 peoplemostly members of the ethnic tutsi minoritywere killed in the 1994 genocide. Overall, the constitution supports the official policy of the total eradication of anything having to do with ethnic identification and the maturation of unity. Important for workers and institutional use, citizens, parents, children, teachers and students. Government of rwandans, by rwandans and for rwandans. Rwanda has withdrawn all its reservations on international human rights treaties. In revision of the constitution of 20 dec 1978 and in accordance with article 91 thereof. After the war, it was joined with burundi to become a belgian league of nations mandate, under the name ruandaurundi. Background and current developments congressional research service summary in 2003, rwanda held its first multiparty presidential and parliamentary elections in decades.
Given the fundamental law of the republic of rwanda as amended to date, especially the arusha peace agreement in its part on powersharing in its article 41, and in its part on miscellaneous issues and final provisions in its article 22. The capital of the republic of rwanda is the city of kigali. Considering that the new constitution of the republic of rwanda was adopted by rwandan citizens in the referendum of 26 may 2003 as. The constitution provides for a presidential system of government, with separation of powers between the three branches.
663 1472 1126 271 475 484 321 827 465 1515 951 1234 1400 481 89 454 654 770 523 880 506 1457 1044 1147 920 145 442 658 523 907 429